· Other
Arakan Army territorial gains, 2024-2025
The AA came to control an estimated 90% or more of Rakhine State's territory amid Myanmar's civil war.
Global timeline
Dated events from published cases, in chronological order. Dates keep their real precision; a period filter includes any event whose date range overlaps it.
Events
106 events.
Events over time
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· Agreement
Ethiopia-Somaliland Memorandum of Understanding, 2024
A port-access deal with Ethiopia, reportedly including a path to recognition, triggered a regional diplomatic crisis.
In: Somaliland
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· Protest
Baymak protests, 2024
The jailing of Bashkir activist Fail Alsynov triggered one of Russia's largest wartime protests, followed by mass prosecutions.
In: Bashkortostan
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· Other
Independent Commission on the Constitutional Future of Wales, final report, 2024
A Welsh Government-established commission assessed enhanced devolution, federalism and independence without endorsing any option.
In: Wales
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· Other
Termination of the Algiers Accords, 2024
Mali ended the 2015 peace agreement amid renewed conflict following MINUSMA's withdrawal.
In: Azawad
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· Legal decision
ICJ genocide case provisional measures, 2024
The ICJ found South Africa's genocide claim against Israel plausible enough to warrant provisional measures, without ruling on the merits or ordering a ceasefire.
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· Legal decision
ICJ judgment, Ukraine v. Russia (CERD/Terrorism Financing), 2024
The International Court of Justice found Russia in violation of anti-discrimination obligations concerning Crimean Tatars and Ukrainian-language education, and of a provisional-measures order, in a final and binding judgment.
In: Crimea
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· Other
Michelle O'Neill becomes First Minister, 2024
Following the DUP's deal to end its boycott, Sinn Féin's Michelle O'Neill became Northern Ireland's first nationalist First Minister.
In: Northern Ireland
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· Election
Galician regional election, 2024
The Popular Party retained its absolute majority while the BNG made significant gains, becoming the clear second force.
In: Galicia
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· Election
Sardinian regional election, 2024
Alessandra Todde narrowly won Sardinia's presidency, becoming its first female president, while pro-independence lists won no seats.
In: Sardinia
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· Election
Basque regional election, 2024
The PNV and EH Bildu tied on seats, with the PNV forming a coalition government despite a declining vote share.
In: Basque Country
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· Other
Inauguration of President Lai Ching-te, 2024
Taiwan's new president reaffirmed a "status quo" position rather than a formal independence declaration, amid a divided government.
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· Conflict episode
May 2024 New Caledonia riots
A French voter-list reform bill triggered deadly riots and a state of emergency.
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· Legislation
Spanish amnesty law for the Catalan independence process, 2024
Spain amnestied acts linked to the 2014 and 2017 votes and the independence process; the Constitutional Court upheld most of the law in 2025 and the EU Court of Justice found it compatible with EU law in 2026.
In: Catalonia
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· Legal decision
Huilcamán Paillama et al. v. Chile ruling, 2024
The Inter-American Court found Chile responsible for rights violations and recognised Indigenous self-determination as an independent legal right.
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· Legal decision
ICJ advisory opinion on the occupation, 2024
The ICJ found Israel's continued presence in the Occupied Palestinian Territory unlawful and called for its end.
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· Agreement
NLFT-ATTF peace accord, 2024
The last major armed Tripuri insurgent groups disbanded in a 2024 peace accord, ending over three decades of conflict.
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· Legislation
Banning of the PTM, 2024
Pakistan designated the PTM a proscribed organization under anti-terrorism law, drawing international human-rights criticism.
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· Election
Kurdistan Parliament election, 2024
No party won a majority; the KDP and PUK had not formed a new government by mid-August 2026.
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· Referendum or popular consultation
Puerto Rico status referendum, 2024
For the first time, voters chose among statehood, free association, and independence, without a current-status option.
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· Protest
Hīkoi mō te Tiriti, 2024
Over 42,000 people marched to protest the Treaty Principles Bill, New Zealand's largest recent Māori-rights mobilisation.
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· Legal decision
ICC arrest warrants, 2024
The ICC issued arrest warrants against Israel's prime minister and former defense minister, and separately against a Hamas military commander.
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· Agreement
Partial OLA-Ethiopian government peace agreement, 2024
One OLA faction reached a peace deal, though the broader insurgency continued.
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· Agreement
Gaza ceasefire and peace process, 2025-2026
A January 2025 ceasefire collapsed after two months; a further ceasefire under a US-proposed 20-point plan took effect in October 2025, with implementation of its later phases contested into 2026.
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· Legal decision
Conviction and removal of Milorad Dodik, 2025
RS President Milorad Dodik was convicted and banned from office for defying the international High Representative, ending his presidency.
In: Republika Srpska
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· Other
De Wever government formed, 2025
Bart De Wever, an N-VA founder, became the first Flemish nationalist Prime Minister of Belgium at the head of a five-party "Arizona coalition".
In: Flanders
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· Agreement
Cook Islands-China strategic partnership, 2025
An unconsulted agreement with China caused tensions with New Zealand, later eased by a defence pact.
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· Agreement
Senegal-MFDC peace agreement, 2025
Senegal and the MFDC concluded formal peace negotiations after more than four decades of conflict.
In: Casamance
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· Other
PKK dissolution and disarmament, 2025
Following Öcalan's call from prison, the PKK announced its dissolution and began a symbolic disarmament process, marking a historic shift after more than four decades of conflict.
In: Kurdish self-determination, Kurdish self-determination in Türkiye
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· Other
Deregistration of the Maverick Party, 2025
Elections Canada deregistered the party after it failed to meet financial reporting requirements.
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· Agreement
SDF-Damascus integration agreement, 2025
Following the fall of the Assad government, Syria's new leadership and the SDF agreed to integrate Kurdish-led institutions into the Syrian state in exchange for recognition of Kurdish rights.
In: Kurdish self-determination, Kurdish self-determination in Syria
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· Election
Greenland parliamentary election, 2025
Demokraatit won the most votes; four of the five main parties sought independence at different speeds.
In: Greenland
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· Other
Detention of Riek Machar, 2025
First Vice-President Riek Machar was detained in Juba on treason and related charges, widely reported to have effectively collapsed the unity government and the Revitalised Agreement.
In: South Sudan
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· Legislation
Treaty Principles Bill defeated, 2025
The bill redefining tino rangatiratanga narrowly as property rights was rejected by a wide margin.
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· Agreement
Bougival Accord, 2025
France and New Caledonian parties signed an accord proposing a "State of New Caledonia," which later collapsed.
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· Other
September 2025 Leh violence
A hunger strike over stalled statehood talks escalated into violence in which police killed four protesters.
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· Election
Northern Cypriot presidential election, 2025
A reunification-supporting candidate decisively defeated the incumbent, who had championed a two-state solution.
In: Northern Cyprus
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· International resolution
Security Council resolution 2797 on Western Sahara, 2025
The Security Council renewed MINURSO and backed negotiations on the basis of Morocco’s autonomy proposal, with a solution providing for self-determination.
In: Western Sahara
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· Legal decision
Conviction of Nnamdi Kanu, 2025
IPOB's founder was convicted on terrorism charges and sentenced to life imprisonment, a conviction his defence has contested.
In: Biafra
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· Agreement
Veneto differentiated-autonomy pre-intesa, 2025
Veneto became the first Italian region to sign a preliminary agreement devolving specific powers under Italy's 2024 differentiated autonomy law.
In: Veneto
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· Other
Dissolution of the Alaskan Independence Party, 2025
The party's board voted to dissolve it, citing membership apathy toward its original goals.
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· Declaration
MAK proclamation of the Federal Republic of Kabylia, 2025
The exile-based MAK symbolically proclaimed Kabyle independence at a Paris ceremony.
In: Kabylia
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· Other
2026 Republican Party of Texas platform planks
The state party's convention adopted independence-referendum planks into its platform.
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· Negotiation
US pressure over Greenland and trilateral talks, 2026
US demands for control of Greenland led to tariff threats and to talks between Denmark, Greenland and the United States; both Nuuk and Copenhagen called sovereignty a red line.
In: Greenland
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· Other
Completion of SDF integration into the Syrian state, 2026
After renewed clashes and a further agreement in early 2026, the SDF commander announced the completion of Kurdish-led forces' integration into Syrian state institutions.
In: Kurdish self-determination, Kurdish self-determination in Syria
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· Other
2026 Kurdish-Iranian crisis
A rapidly evolving crisis saw Iranian Kurdish parties call for strikes, form a new political coalition, and reportedly clash with Iranian forces amid a wider war involving Iran, though many operational details remain contested and unverified.
In: Kurdish self-determination, Kurdish self-determination in Iran
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· Other
Expulsion of Aidarus al-Zubaidi from the Presidential Leadership Council, 2026
The STC leader was expelled from Yemen's power-sharing council and charged with treason amid a rupture between Saudi- and UAE-backed factions.
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· Negotiation
Western Sahara talks in Madrid and Washington, 2026
US-convened talks brought Morocco, the Frente POLISARIO, Algeria and Mauritania together, with the UN Personal Envoy co-chairing.
In: Western Sahara
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· Election
Faroese general election, 2026
The People's Party won its largest seat total since 1950; a coalition government formed under Beinir Johannesen, while the pro-independence Republic party held 6 of 33 seats.
In: Faroe Islands
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· Election
Reinstatement of the Tigray regional council, 2026
A reinstated council elected Debretsion Gebremichael as regional president amid ongoing TPLF factional dispute.