· Other
Chittagong Hill Tracts insurgency, 1977-1997
A two-decade armed conflict over Jumma autonomy and land rights, fuelled by state-sponsored Bengali settlement, ended with a negotiated peace accord.
Dated events from published cases, in chronological order. Dates keep their real precision; a period filter includes any event whose date range overlaps it.
25 events.
· Other
A two-decade armed conflict over Jumma autonomy and land rights, fuelled by state-sponsored Bengali settlement, ended with a negotiated peace accord.
· Other
A war between Armenian and Azerbaijani forces that left Armenian forces in control of Nagorno-Karabakh and surrounding Azerbaijani territory for nearly three decades.
· Conflict episode
An armed conflict that began around the Panguna mine, closed it in 1989 and lasted until a truce in 1997.
In: Bougainville
· Other
A reorganized nationalist party later split between a fully secessionist wing and an autonomy-focused wing.
· Organisation founded
The lead autonomy-focused Mapuche organisation was founded in Chile.
· Referendum or popular consultation
Only one province voted for autonomy, and the Supreme Court barred a single-province autonomous region.
· Declaration
MOSOP's founding charter demanded environmental protection, self-determination and autonomy for the Ogoni within Nigeria.
· Other
Drought and political repression drove a Tuareg rebellion seeking autonomy or independence.
· Organisation founded
A movement seeking to restore Silesian autonomy, later shifting toward advocating a regionalised Polish state, was founded.
· Declaration
The Supreme Council of the Republic of Lithuania declared on 11 March 1990 that the sovereign powers of the State of Lithuania, abolished by foreign forces in 1940, were re-established, becoming the first Soviet constituent republic to declare independence.
In: Lithuania
· Declaration
The Constituent Assembly adopted Namibia's constitution without opposition on 9 February 1990, and Namibia became independent shortly after midnight on 21 March 1990, when the South African flag was lowered, the Namibian flag was raised, and the UN Secretary-General administered the oath of office to President Sam Nujoma.
In: Namibia
· Recognition
Following the Security Council's recommendation, the General Assembly admitted the Republic of Namibia as the 160th member of the United Nations.
In: Namibia
· Declaration
The Latvian SSR Supreme Council adopted the Declaration on the Restoration of Independence on 4 May 1990, asserting the continued de jure sovereignty of the 1922 constitution and establishing a transitional period ending with the convocation of the Saeima.
In: Latvia
· Declaration
After the PNG withdrawal, the BRA and the Bougainville Interim Government declared Bougainville independent as the Republic of Me’ekamui.
In: Bougainville
· Agreement
North and South Yemen merged into the Republic of Yemen after a decade of preparatory negotiations.
· Other
The main organized expression of Lezgin self-determination politics, seeking to reunify Lezgin communities divided between Russia and Azerbaijan.
· Declaration
Karelia became the first Soviet autonomous republic to declare sovereignty, later renamed the Republic of Karelia.
In: Karelia
· Declaration
The Komi ASSR declared sovereignty and was renamed the Komi Republic within two years.
In: Komi
· Declaration
The Yakut ASSR declared sovereignty and renamed itself the Sakha Republic.
In: Sakha (Yakutia)
· Declaration
Buryatia declared sovereignty and, the following year, dropped "Soviet" and "Socialist" from its name.
In: Buryatia
· Declaration
Bashkortostan's authorities declared state sovereignty amid the loosening of Soviet central control.
In: Bashkortostan
· Declaration
Kalmykia declared sovereignty while explicitly ruling out secession from Russia.
In: Kalmykia
· Other
War between Moldovan government forces and Transnistrian separatists, aided by the Russian 14th Guards Army, that ended with a ceasefire leaving Transnistria under separatist control.
In: Transnistria
· Declaration
Tuva's parliament declared sovereignty amid ethnic unrest, later adopting a constitution asserting a right of secession from Russia.
In: Tuva
· Referendum or popular consultation
A plebiscite on 23 December 1990 produced a turnout of 93.3%, with 88.5% of the total electorate (95.7% of votes cast) in favour of independence.
In: Slovenia