Covers the 23 December 1990 independence plebiscite and its exact result, the 25 June 1991 declaration of independence, the Ten-Day War of June-July 1991, and UN admission on 22 May 1992. It does not cover the wider, multi-year dissolution of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia beyond Slovenia's own independence.
A plebiscite on 23 December 1990 produced 93.3% turnout, with 88.5% of the total electorate in favour of independence.[1] After a proposed confederal or bilateral dissolution of Yugoslavia was accepted only by Croatia, the Assembly of the Republic of Slovenia adopted the Constitutional Act on the sovereignty and independence of the Republic of Slovenia on 25 June 1991.[2] The accompanying Declaration of Independence stated that Slovenia "has proclaimed its sovereignty and independence and has thereby assumed actual jurisdiction over its territory," while seeking UN membership and pledging peaceful, negotiated relations with the other Yugoslav republics.[2] Within days, the Yugoslav People's Army moved to assert federal control, leading to the Ten-Day War (27 June-7 July 1991), which killed 19 Slovene and 44 Yugoslav soldiers before ending with the Brioni Accords.[3] The Republic of Slovenia was admitted to the United Nations on 22 May 1992, following a unanimous Security Council recommendation, alongside Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina.[4][5]
Status verified as of
Slovenia has been an independent, UN-member state since 1992.[5]
History
From the December 1990 plebiscite, through the 25 June 1991 declaration of independence, to UN admission in May 1992.
164 words · 1 min read
· Referendum or popular consultation
A plebiscite on 23 December 1990 produced a turnout of 93.3%, with 88.5% of the total electorate (95.7% of votes cast) in favour of independence.
Significance here: The overwhelming vote that gave the Assembly its mandate to declare independence.
· Declaration
Following an independence plebiscite on 23 December 1990, the Assembly of the Republic of Slovenia adopted the Constitutional Act on the sovereignty and independence of the Republic of Slovenia on 25 June 1991, declaring the country a sovereign and independent state.
Significance here: The declaration that began Slovenia's independence from the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia.
· Conflict episode
Fighting between Slovenian territorial defence forces and the Yugoslav People's Army from 27 June to 7 July 1991 killed 19 Slovenes and 44 Yugoslav soldiers, ending with the Brioni Accords.
Significance here: The brief armed conflict that followed directly from Slovenia's declaration of independence.
· Recognition
The Security Council recommended Slovenia's admission to the United Nations on 18 May 1992, and the General Assembly admitted it on 22 May 1992.
Significance here: Formal international recognition of Slovenian statehood, alongside Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Each number marks a specific claim. Notes give the source, its locator and how it relates to the claim.
Claim: A plebiscite on Slovenian independence held on 23 December 1990 produced a turnout of 93.3% of the electorate; 88.5% of the total electorate voted in favour of independence, equivalent to 95.7% of votes actually cast.
Claim: Following "the absolute majority vote in the plebiscite held on December 23, 1990," the Assembly of the Republic of Slovenia "adopted the Constitutional Act on the sovereignty and independence of the Republic of Slovenia at the sessions of all its chambers on 25 June 1991." A prior proposal for a peaceful, bilateral dissolution of Yugoslavia was accepted only by Croatia. The Declaration of Independence stated that Slovenia "has proclaimed its sovereignty and independence and has thereby assumed actual jurisdiction over its territory," and that it sought "membership in the United Nations Organization."
Claim: The Ten-Day War, fought between Slovenian territorial defence forces and the Yugoslav People's Army from 27 June to 7 July 1991, killed 44 Yugoslav and 19 Slovene soldiers, wounded 146 Yugoslavs and 182 Slovenes, and saw 4,693 Yugoslav soldiers captured; it ended with the Brioni Accords, signed 7 July 1991, under which Yugoslav forces withdrew from Slovenia.
Claim: On 18 May 1992, at its 3077th meeting, the Security Council, having examined the application of the Republic of Slovenia, recommended without a vote that the General Assembly admit it to UN membership; the Council's President noted "with great satisfaction Slovenia's solemn commitment to uphold the Purposes and Principles of the Charter of the United Nations."
Claim: The General Assembly, at its 86th plenary meeting on 22 May 1992, having received the Security Council's recommendation and considered Slovenia's application, decided to admit the Republic of Slovenia to United Nations membership, alongside the Republic of Croatia and the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina, admitted at the same meeting.