1835-1845: the Ragamuffin War
Rebels declared the Riograndense Republic in 1836, defeated by imperial forces in 1845.[1]
· Declaration
Declaration of the Riograndense Republic, 1836
Rebels declared an independent republic during the Ragamuffin War, later defeated and reintegrated.
1992-2016: the modern movement
"O Sul é o Meu País" was founded in 1992 and held a large self-organised consultation in 2016.[2]
· Other
"O Sul é o Meu País" consultation, 2016
The movement held a self-organised, non-binding consultation reporting overwhelming support for secession.
Sources for this page
Each number marks a specific claim. Notes give the source, its locator and how it relates to the claim.
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1.
Claim: During the 1835-1845 Ragamuffin War (Farroupilha Revolt), rebels led by Bento Gonçalves da Silva and Antônio de Sousa Neto declared the Riograndense (Piratini) Republic on 11 September 1836, capital at Piratini, amid grievances over central-government neglect and economic policy toward Rio Grande do Sul; the republic was defeated by imperial forces and reintegrated into the Brazilian Empire in 1845.
- Ragamuffin War (Wikipedia) link, Riograndense Republic declaration and defeat section. Source record
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2.
Claim: The "O Sul é o Meu País" (The South Is My Country) movement was founded in 1992, describing itself as a peaceful, plebiscitary movement studying the cultural, social and political justifications for the secession of the states of Paraná, Rio Grande do Sul and Santa Catarina, proposing an independent parliamentary republic headquartered in Lages, Santa Catarina.
- The South Is My Country (Wikipedia) link, Founding and proposal section. Source record
Printed from https://independenceatlas.com/movements/southern-brazilian-separatism/history · last substantive update 24 September 2026.