Independence movements

Timeline: Kanaky / New Caledonia

Dated events associated with this case. Each event is a shared record: the same event appears identically wherever it is relevant.

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  1. · Referendum or popular consultation

    2021 New Caledonian independence referendum

    The third Nouméa Accord referendum rejected independence, but was boycotted by pro-independence Kanak leaders amid a COVID-19 outbreak.

    Significance here: The final, but disputed, referendum under the Nouméa Accord framework.

  2. · Conflict episode

    May 2024 New Caledonia riots

    A French voter-list reform bill triggered deadly riots and a state of emergency.

    Significance here: The most severe unrest in New Caledonia in decades, precipitating the subsequent Bougival negotiation process.

  3. · Agreement

    Bougival Accord, 2025

    France and New Caledonian parties signed an accord proposing a "State of New Caledonia," which later collapsed.

    Significance here: A major, though ultimately unsuccessful, attempt to resolve New Caledonia's constitutional status after the 2024 crisis.

Dates show their real precision. Approximate or uncertain dates are labelled and never converted into an exact day.