Historical independence
Brazil
From the 1822 Cry of Ipiranga, proclaiming independence from Portugal, to Portugal's formal recognition of Brazilian independence in the 1825 Treaty of Rio de Janeiro.
Every published case hub, across all collections. Collections are navigation groupings, not legal categories; one case can appear in several but has one page.
10 published cases matching Latin America.
Historical independence
From the 1822 Cry of Ipiranga, proclaiming independence from Portugal, to Portugal's formal recognition of Brazilian independence in the 1825 Treaty of Rio de Janeiro.
Independence movements
From the UTG's 1971 independence position and the MDES's 1991 founding, to the 2017 general strike, primarily an economic and infrastructure protest movement rather than an independence campaign.
Historical independence
Guyana's independence from the United Kingdom on 26 May 1966, formerly British Guiana, followed by UN admission that September.
Autonomy and Indigenous self-government
From the Consejo de Todas las Tierras' 1990 founding and the CAM's 1998 founding, to the 2024 Inter-American Court ruling recognising Indigenous self-determination as an independent right.
Autonomy and Indigenous self-government
From the historical Miskito Kingdom and its 1894 incorporation into Nicaragua, through the 1987 Autonomy Statute negotiated by YATAMA, to documented 2020-2021 settler violence in the Bosawás Biosphere Reserve.
Independence movements
From AMEN-SD's 1999 founding and its independence-seeking goals, to the 2012 ICJ ruling and the movement's renewed referendum proposal.
Autonomy and Indigenous self-government
The "Media Luna" departments' 2008 autonomy referendums, sponsored by the Santa Cruz Civic Committee and CAINCO, distinguished from the fringe secessionist Nación Camba.
Historical independence
From the 1836 Riograndense Republic declaration and its 1845 defeat, to the modern "O Sul é o Meu País" movement and its 2016 self-organised consultation.
Historical independence
Suriname's path from a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, through negotiations begun in 1974, to independence in November 1975 and UN membership that December.
Autonomy and Indigenous self-government
From the historical 1863 Sovereign State of Zulia to the modern independentismo zuliano movement and Manuel Rosales' autonomy feasibility proposal.