Every published case hub, across all collections. Collections are navigation groupings, not legal categories; one case can appear in several but has one page.
224 published cases.
Independence movements
From the 1860s mass expulsion of the Circassian population from the Western Caucasus, through Georgia's 2011 recognition of the events as genocide, to the modern movement's demands for recognition, repatriation, and unification of the Circassian-titled Russian republics.
Historical independence
The Comoros' path from French colonial administration through a December 1974 archipelago-wide referendum, a unilateral declaration of independence in July 1975, and UN admission that November — accompanied by a dispute over Mayotte, whose voters rejected independence.
Political status and decolonisation
From the 1964-1965 establishment of free association with New Zealand, through the December 2024 citizenship/UN clarification, to the 2025 China-agreement tensions and their resolution.
Autonomy and Indigenous self-government
From the CPLA insurgency and the 1986 Mount Data Peace Accord, through the 1987 constitutional provision for Cordillera autonomy, to the failed 1990 and 1998 autonomy plebiscites.
Independence movements
Kernow
Cornwall's modern national-minority recognition and devolution politics, from Mebyon Kernow's 1951 founding, through the UK Government's 2014 recognition of the Cornish as a national minority, to the 2023 Level Two devolution deal.
Independence movements
Corsica
Corsican autonomy politics from the narrowly rejected 2003 referendum and the FLNC's 2014 ceasefire, through the 2022 unrest after Yvan Colonna's death, to the June 2026 National Assembly vote for a constitutional autonomy statute and its pending, uncertain Senate passage.
Independence movements
The March 2014 referendum and annexation of Crimea by Russia, the UN General Assembly's declaration that the referendum was invalid, and the binding 2024 ICJ judgment finding Russia in violation of its anti-discrimination obligations toward Crimean Tatars.
Historical independence
From Spain's relinquishment of sovereignty over Cuba in the 1898 Treaty of Paris, through US military government, to the establishment of the Republic of Cuba in 1902.
Political status and decolonisation
From the 1993 and 2005 status referendums, in which independence never exceeded 5% support, to the 2010 achievement of autonomous-country status within the Kingdom of the Netherlands.
Historical independence
The establishment of the Republic of Cyprus on 16 August 1960, following the Zurich and London Agreements, and its UN admission that September.
Independence movements
From the rival North Caucasian Emirate and the 1920-1921 anti-Soviet uprising, through the 1998 Kadar zone sharia enclave, to the 1999 war that ended the enclave and helped trigger the Second Chechen War.
Autonomy and Indigenous self-government
From the 2003 SLM/JEM rebellion seeking greater Darfuri autonomy, through the 2005 ICC referral and 2011 Doha Document, to the region's status amid the active 2023-present Sudanese civil war.
Historical independence
The transfer of sovereignty over the Belgian Congo on 30 June 1960, establishing the independent Republic of the Congo, and its UN admission that September.
Historical independence
Djibouti's path from French colonial administration through UN calls for independence, a May 1977 referendum, and independence from France the following month.
Independence movements
From the April 2014 declarations of the Donetsk and Luhansk "People's Republics" and the unimplemented 2015 Minsk II agreement, through Russia's February 2022 recognition of both entities, to their September 2022 attempted annexation, declared invalid by the UN General Assembly.
Independence movements
From the two short-lived 20th-century East Turkestan Republics to the 2022 UN OHCHR assessment of human rights concerns in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region.
Historical independence
Eritrea's path from Italian and British colonial rule through federation with and annexation by Ethiopia, a thirty-year armed independence struggle, the 1993 UN-verified referendum, and post-independence relations with Ethiopia including the 1998–2000 border war.
Historical independence
The 1980 "Coconut War": Jimmy Stevens' declaration of the "State of Vemerana" and its defeat by Papua New Guinean intervention days before Vanuatu's own independence.
Historical independence
From the 1918 Manifesto to the Peoples of Estonia, through decades of Soviet annexation and occupation, to the restoration of independence in August 1991 and UN admission that September.
Political status and decolonisation
The long-running Argentina-UK sovereignty dispute, including the 1982 war, distinguished from the islanders' own clearly expressed preference in the 2013 referendum.
Independence movements
Føroyar
The Faroe Islands' self-government within the Kingdom of Denmark, from a disputed 1946 independence referendum to the 1948 Home Rule Act, the 2005 Takeover Act, a cancelled 2001 referendum, and the current position of the pro-independence Republic party.
Historical independence
Finland's declaration of independence from Russia in December 1917, amid the Russian Revolution, followed within weeks by Soviet Russian recognition.
Independence movements
Vlaanderen
Flemish self-government within federal Belgium, the confederalist and independence positions of N-VA and Vlaams Belang, the 2010–2011 government formation crisis, and Bart De Wever's 2025 premiership.
Independence movements
From the UTG's 1971 independence position and the MDES's 1991 founding, to the 2017 general strike, primarily an economic and infrastructure protest movement rather than an independence campaign.