Sources: South Sudan

Every source cited on this case’s published pages, with where it is used. Organisation and government sources are labelled as perspectives.

Status verified as of: 23 September 2026

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14 sources. A working link shows that a source is available; it is not proof that the source supports a claim — that is checked by editorial evidence review.

Reference work · Independent publication

Addis Ababa Agreement (1972) (Encyclopædia Britannica) link

General-reference encyclopedia article, consulted via citation, on the 27 February 1972 Addis Ababa Agreement, which created the Southern Sudan Autonomous Region, and its abolition on 5 June 1983 by President Gaafar Nimeiry, triggering the second civil war.

Cited on: South Sudan, History: South Sudan · Source record
NGO or research institute report · Independent publication

African Centre for the Constructive Resolution of Disputes (ACCORD), Reviving peace in South Sudan through the Revitalised Peace Agreement (ACCORD) link

Independent conflict-resolution research organisation's account of the R-ARCSS signing date and the December 2013 outbreak of civil war; used with attribution for the exact signing date, which was not found stated in the UN documents consulted for this pass.

Cited on: South Sudan, History: South Sudan, South Sudan: status since independence · Source record
NGO or research institute report · Independent publication

European Union Election Observation Mission, Final Report: Southern Sudan Referendum, 9–15 January 2011 (European Union Election Observation Mission, 2011) link

The EU Election Observation Mission's full final report on the referendum: legal framework, voter registration, polling, results and analysis, and the assessments of other international observer missions. Executive summary, political background and results sections consulted.

Cited on: South Sudan, History: South Sudan · Source record
Reference work · Independent publication

First Sudanese Civil War (Wikipedia) link

General-reference encyclopedia article, consulted via citation, on the First Sudanese Civil War (1955-1972) and its casualty-estimate range.

Cited on: South Sudan, History: South Sudan · Source record
Organisation statement · Independent publication

Global Conflict Tracker: Civil War in South Sudan (Council on Foreign Relations) link

US foreign-policy think tank conflict-tracking resource, consulted via citation, giving an estimated death toll of roughly two million for the second Sudanese civil war (1983-2005), and death-toll figures for the internal 2013-2015 phase of the post-independence civil war.

Cited on: South Sudan · Source record
News report · Independent publication

John Garang killed in helicopter crash (Al Jazeera) link

International journalistic reporting, consulted via citation, on SPLM/A leader John Garang's death in a helicopter crash on 30 July 2005, three weeks after his inauguration as First Vice-President of Sudan, and Salva Kiir's succession as SPLM leader and First Vice-President on 11 August 2005.

Cited on: South Sudan, History: South Sudan · Source record
News report · Independent publication

Riek Machar detained on treason charges (AllAfrica) link

Pan-African news aggregator reporting, consulted via citation, on First Vice-President Riek Machar's detention in Juba on 26 March 2025 on charges including treason, the effective collapse of the unity government and the Revitalised Agreement, and his subsequent trial, reported still ongoing in September 2025.

Cited on: South Sudan, History: South Sudan, South Sudan: status since independence · Source record
Reference work · Independent publication

Salva Kiir Mayardit (Wikipedia) link

General-reference encyclopedia article, consulted via citation, on Salva Kiir's co-founding role in the SPLM/A and his succession of John Garang.

Cited on: South Sudan, History: South Sudan · Source record
NGO or research institute report · Advocacy organisation perspective

South Sudan country page (Global Centre for the Responsibility to Protect) link

International NGO country-monitoring resource, consulted via citation, on the 2024 Truth, Reconciliation and Healing Act and Compensation and Reparations Authority Act, and the postponement of national elections, originally set for December 2024, to December 2026.

Cited on: History: South Sudan, South Sudan: status since independence · Source record
Intergovernmental document · Intergovernmental organisation

United Nations General Assembly, General Assembly resolution 65/308: Admission of the Republic of South Sudan to membership in the United Nations (United Nations, 14 July 2011) link

Records the decision to admit the Republic of South Sudan, taken at the 108th plenary meeting on 14 July 2011.

Cited on: South Sudan, History: South Sudan · Source record
Intergovernmental document · Intergovernmental organisation

United Nations Security Council, Security Council resolution 1996 (2011) (United Nations, 8 July 2011) link

Establishes UNMISS; records that the Republic of South Sudan was established on 9 July 2011 upon its proclamation as an independent state.

Cited on: South Sudan, History: South Sudan · Source record
Intergovernmental document · Intergovernmental organisation

United Nations Security Council, Security Council resolution 1999 (2011) (United Nations, 13 July 2011) link

Recommends South Sudan's admission to UN membership, adopted at the 6582nd meeting on 13 July 2011.

Cited on: History: South Sudan · Source record
Intergovernmental document · Intergovernmental organisation

United Nations Security Council, Security Council resolution 2206 (2015) (United Nations, 3 March 2015) link

Imposes targeted sanctions over the conflict in South Sudan since December 2013; records UNMISS human-rights findings and the January and May 2014 cessation-of-hostilities commitments.

Cited on: South Sudan, History: South Sudan, South Sudan: status since independence · Source record
Intergovernmental document · Intergovernmental organisation

United Nations Security Council, Security Council resolution 2459 (2019) (United Nations, 15 March 2019) link

Renews the UNMISS mandate; records the 2018 Revitalised Agreement, the ongoing pre-transitional process, and the scale of displacement as of early 2019.

Cited on: South Sudan, History: South Sudan, South Sudan: status since independence · Source record