Status verified as of 22 September 2026. Political positions change; this explainer describes the documented position on that date.
Current position
ULFA's pro-talks faction disarmed and disbanded under the December 2023 peace accord, ending its participation in the independence movement. The hardline ULFA-Independent faction, commanded by Paresh Baruah, continues to reject negotiations and demand full Assamese sovereignty from bases reported outside India, though without control of Assamese territory.[1][2]
Sources for this page
Each number marks a specific claim. Notes give the source, its locator and how it relates to the claim.
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1.
Claim: By the 2010s, ULFA had split into a pro-talks faction led by Arabinda Rajkhowa, which entered a ceasefire and negotiations with the Indian government, and a hardline faction, ULFA-Independent (ULFA-I), commanded by Paresh Baruah from bases reported along the China-Myanmar frontier, which rejected negotiations and continued to demand full sovereignty for Assam.
- United Liberation Front of Asom (Wikipedia) link, Split section. Source record
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2.
Claim: On 29 December 2023, the pro-talks ULFA faction led by Arabinda Rajkhowa signed a tripartite Memorandum of Settlement with the Indian government and the Assam state government, following around 12 years of negotiations; ULFA agreed to renounce violence, surrender its arms, disband, and vacate its camps, in exchange for a development package reported at approximately 1.5 trillion rupees for Assam. The hardline ULFA-Independent faction under Paresh Baruah was not a party to this accord. Reporting on the accord characterized the preceding insurgency as having claimed around 10,000 lives since 1979; this bundle presents that figure as reported, not independently verified.
- ULFA signs peace pact with Centre, Assam Government; agrees to shun violence, disband organisation (The Tribune (India)) link, Accord terms and casualty-figure sections. Source record
Printed from https://independenceatlas.com/movements/assamese-independence/status · last substantive update 24 September 2026.