Sources: Eritrea
Every source cited on this case’s published pages, with where it is used. Organisation and government sources are labelled as perspectives.
- Status verified as of
11 sources. A working link shows that a source is available; it is not proof that the source supports a claim — that is checked by editorial evidence review.
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Reference work · Independent publication
Eritrean People's Liberation Front (Wikipedia) link
General-reference encyclopedia article, consulted via citation, on the EPLF's 1970 split from the ELF, its 1977 first Congress, and its 1994 transformation into the PFDJ.
Cited on: Eritrea, History: Eritrea · Source record
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Reference work · Independent publication
Eritrean War of Independence (Wikipedia) link
General-reference encyclopedia article, consulted via citation, on the ELF's 1 September 1961 launch of the armed independence struggle under Hamid Idris Awate, and on published casualty-estimate ranges for the war.
Cited on: Eritrea, History: Eritrea · Source record
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Reference work · Independent publication
Eritrean–Ethiopian War (Wikipedia) link
General-reference encyclopedia article, consulted via citation, giving a range of published casualty and displacement estimates for the 1998-2000 border war.
Cited on: Eritrea · Source record
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NGO or research institute report · Advocacy organisation perspective
Ethiopia conflict page (Every Casualty Counts) link
Casualty-recording NGO database, consulted via citation, giving a range of 100,000-200,000 killed in the Eritrean War of Independence, a wider estimate than some other sources.
Cited on: Eritrea · Source record
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Treaty or agreement text · Intergovernmental organisation
Government of the State of Eritrea and Government of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia, Agreement between the Government of the State of Eritrea and the Government of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia (Algiers Agreement) (United Nations Mission in Ethiopia and Eritrea (UNMEE), 12 December 2000) link
Text of the peace agreement hosted by the UN mission established to support it. Articles 1 and 4 consulted.
Cited on: Eritrea, History: Eritrea · Source record
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Government publication · Government perspective or primary official source
Government of the State of Eritrea and Government of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia, Joint Declaration of Peace and Friendship between Eritrea and Ethiopia (Ministry of Information, State of Eritrea, 9 July 2018) link
Text of the declaration republished by the Eritrean government's own information ministry outlet.
Cited on: Eritrea, History: Eritrea · Source record
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NGO or research institute report · Advocacy organisation perspective
Human Rights Watch, World Report 2025: Eritrea (Human Rights Watch, 2025) link
Annual human-rights survey; used for the post-independence governance status, cited with attribution.
Cited on: Eritrea, Eritrea: status since independence · Source record
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News analysis or explainer · Independent publication
The Borgen Project, A Resolution at Last? The Ethiopian-Eritrean Border Dispute (The Borgen Project) link
Independent summary of the 2002 Boundary Commission decision and Ethiopia's "in principle" acceptance; used with attribution as the primary decision text was not accessible to this research pass.
Cited on: Eritrea, History: Eritrea · Source record
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Intergovernmental document · Intergovernmental organisation
United Nations General Assembly, General Assembly resolution 47/230: Admission of Eritrea to membership in the United Nations (United Nations, 16 July 1993) link
Records the decision to admit Eritrea, taken at the 104th plenary meeting on 28 May 1993.
Cited on: Eritrea, History: Eritrea · Source record
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Intergovernmental document · Intergovernmental organisation
United Nations Secretary-General, United Nations Observer Mission to Verify the Referendum in Eritrea: Report of the Secretary-General (United Nations General Assembly, 11 August 1993) link
The Secretary-General's account of UNOVER's mandate, the referendum process and results, and his conclusion that the process was free and fair. Paragraphs 1–56 and 82–84 consulted.
Cited on: Eritrea, History: Eritrea · Source record
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Intergovernmental document · Intergovernmental organisation
United Nations Security Council, Security Council resolution 1312 (2000) (United Nations, 31 July 2000) link
Establishes the UN Mission in Ethiopia and Eritrea (UNMEE) following the Cessation of Hostilities Agreement of 18 June 2000; refers to the 1998 OAU Framework Agreement (S/1998/1223).
Cited on: Eritrea, History: Eritrea · Source record