Related histories whose documented goals may not include independent statehood.
48 published cases matching Autonomy and Indigenous self-government.
Independence movements
From the PKK's 1978 founding and 1984 insurgency, through Abdullah Öcalan's 1999 capture and the failed 2013-2015 peace process, to the PKK's May 2025 dissolution and July 2025 symbolic disarmament.
Independence movements
هەرێمی کوردستان
Kurdish movements in Iraq from the 1920s, the self-governing Kurdistan Region created in 1992 and recognised in 2005, and the 2017 independence referendum.
Autonomy and Indigenous self-government
From the 2019 reconstitution of Ladakh as a legislature-less Union Territory, through the Leh Apex Body and Kargil Democratic Alliance's statehood and Sixth Schedule campaign, to the fatal September 2025 Leh violence and inconclusive subsequent negotiations.
Autonomy and Indigenous self-government
From the Treaty of Waitangi's guarantee of tino rangatiratanga, through the Waitangi Tribunal's unceded-sovereignty finding, to the 2024-2025 Treaty Principles Bill controversy and its defeat.
Autonomy and Indigenous self-government
From the Consejo de Todas las Tierras' 1990 founding and the CAM's 1998 founding, to the 2024 Inter-American Court ruling recognising Indigenous self-determination as an independent right.
Autonomy and Indigenous self-government
From the historical Miskito Kingdom and its 1894 incorporation into Nicaragua, through the 1987 Autonomy Statute negotiated by YATAMA, to documented 2020-2021 settler violence in the Bosawás Biosphere Reserve.
Autonomy and Indigenous self-government
From the MNLF's 1972 founding and the 1976 Tripoli Agreement, through the MILF's split and campaign, to the 2019 Bangsamoro Organic Law plebiscite establishing the BARMM and the subsequent parliamentary election process.
Autonomy and Indigenous self-government
From MEND's 2006 emergence and the 2009 Presidential Amnesty Programme, to the Niger Delta Avengers' 2016 campaign, disaggregating each organisation's distinct resource-control and autonomy objectives.
Political status and decolonisation
The 1974 referendum and Constitution Act establishing Niue's free-association status with New Zealand, a stable arrangement with no documented independence movement.
Autonomy and Indigenous self-government
From the 1979 Norfolk Island Act establishing limited self-government, through its 2015 abolition, to the NIPD's ongoing campaign for restoration and UN Non-Self-Governing Territory listing.
Autonomy and Indigenous self-government
From the 1993 Nunavut Land Claims Agreement and Nunavut Act to the 1999 creation of Nunavut as a Canadian territory.
Autonomy and Indigenous self-government
From MOSOP's 1990 founding and the Ogoni Bill of Rights, to the November 1995 execution of Ken Saro-Wiwa and eight colleagues.
Independence movements
From GBAO's 1992 declaration of independence amid the Tajikistani Civil War, through the 1997 peace agreement preserving its Soviet-era autonomy, to that autonomy's erosion and the deadly 2022 Khorog and Rushan crackdown.
Autonomy and Indigenous self-government
From the 1888 Agreement of Wills annexation, through the broader movement's focus on autonomy and reparations, to the minority Rapa Nui Parliament's pursuit of independence via the UN.
Historical independence
From the historical 1921-1926 Republic of the Rif under Abd el-Krim, to the distinct, contemporary socioeconomic Hirak Rif movement and Nasser Zefzafi's 2017-2018 arrest and sentencing.
Autonomy and Indigenous self-government
The "Media Luna" departments' 2008 autonomy referendums, sponsored by the Santa Cruz Civic Committee and CAINCO, distinguished from the fringe secessionist Nación Camba.
Autonomy and Indigenous self-government
From the 1958 expiry of a constitutional secession clause and the resulting armed movement, through the 1964 Shan State Army and 2000 RCSS foundings, to the current split between ceasefire-signatory and non-signatory Shan factions.
Autonomy and Indigenous self-government
From the disputed 1951 Seventeen Point Agreement and the 1959 uprising and Dalai Lama's exile, to the Central Tibetan Administration's Middle Way Approach, which does not itself seek independence.
Political status and decolonisation
From New Zealand administration beginning 1926, through two UN-supervised free-association referendums (2006, 2007), both falling short of the required two-thirds threshold.
Autonomy and Indigenous self-government
From the 1936 maritime strike and the 1992 Mabo ruling, through the 1994 TSRA and 1985 Torres Strait Treaty, to Getano Lui Jnr's unofficial "Free Nation" proposal and post-2023 autonomy calls.
Independence movements
From the contested 1949 merger of the princely state of Tripura into India, through successive armed Tripuri nationalist movements (TNV, NLFT), to the 2024 peace accord ending the insurgency and the ongoing political demand for a "Greater Tipraland."
Autonomy and Indigenous self-government
From the UWSA's 1989 founding and its administration of "Special Region 2," through the 2009 declared Wa State Special Administrative Region, to its cautious post-2021 coup neutrality amid significant Chinese influence.
Autonomy and Indigenous self-government
From Zanzibar's 1963 independence and 1964 union with Tanganyika, through the erosion of its promised autonomy by 1977, to the distinct autonomist (CUF, ACT-Wazalendo) and independence-seeking (Uamsho) contemporary movements.
Autonomy and Indigenous self-government
From the historical 1863 Sovereign State of Zulia to the modern independentismo zuliano movement and Manuel Rosales' autonomy feasibility proposal.