Agreement
Alvor Agreement, 1975
Portugal and the three Angolan liberation movements (MPLA, FNLA and UNITA) signed the Alvor Agreement, providing for a transitional government and independence.
What happened
Following the 1974 revolution in Portugal that opened the way to decolonisation, Portugal and the three main Angolan liberation movements — the Movimento Popular de Libertação de Angola (MPLA), the Frente Nacional de Libertação de Angola (FNLA) and the União Nacional para a Independência Total de Angola (UNITA) — signed the Alvor Agreement on 15 January 1975, according to the scholarly reference work Encyclopedia of African History, providing for a transitional government shared among the three movements and for independence later that year.[1] The transitional government broke down by mid-1975, as fighting broke out between the three movements' armed wings in and around Luanda; each retreated to its own regional stronghold ahead of independence.[2]
Sources for this page
Each number marks a specific claim. Notes give the source, its locator and how it relates to the claim.
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1.
Claim: Portugal and the three Angolan liberation movements — the MPLA, FNLA and UNITA — signed the Alvor Agreement on 15 January 1975, providing for a transitional government shared among the three movements and for independence.
- Shillington, Kevin, Encyclopedia of African History (Fitzroy Dearborn, 2005) , Angola entry. Source record
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2.
Claim: The transitional government established by the Alvor Agreement broke down by mid-1975 as fighting broke out between the armed wings of the MPLA, FNLA and UNITA in and around Luanda; each movement retreated to its own regional stronghold ahead of independence.
- Alvor Agreement (Wikipedia) link, Collapse of the transitional government section. Source record